Can fecal samples be directly added to centrifuge tubes? Do we need to add other liquids for transport?
I. Recommendations for Different Experimental Purposes
1. Microbiome Research (16S rRNA or Metagenomics)
(1) It is recommended to use specialized fecal preservation solutions (such as OMNIgene GUT, MGIEasy, Longsee, etc.) which can stabilize microbial DNA at room temperature for several days;
(2) If preservation solutions are not available, immediately freeze at -80°C and transport with dry ice, avoiding exposure to room temperature;
(3) Do not use liquids containing EDTA or denaturants to avoid PCR inhibition or affecting microbial diversity.
2. Fecal Metabolomics (LC-MS/MS)
(1) The use of any preservation solutions is strictly prohibited as most will introduce small molecule background interference;
(2) Fecal samples should be collected directly into sterile centrifuge tubes (such as 2 mL screw-cap EP tubes), immediately frozen with liquid nitrogen or dry ice, and stored at -80°C throughout;
(3) A pre-chilled metal spoon can be used for sampling, with a recommended ≥100 mg of original sample.
3. Fecal Transcriptomics or Metatranscriptomics
(1) RNA is extremely prone to degradation, requiring the addition of RNA protection solutions (such as RNA later or specialized Stabilizer), mix immediately, then freeze;
(2) Alternatively, immediately freeze with liquid nitrogen, and maintain -80°C during transportation.
II. Transportation and Packaging Precautions
1. Samples should be individually packaged and labeled with identification tags;
2. Transport in a dry ice container with absorbent cotton or sealed bags (for metabolomics/RNA analysis);
3. If using preservation solutions, ensure the liquid covers the sample surface and strictly avoid leakage.
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