How much sample is needed for peptide structure identification using mass spectrometry
The requirements for samples in mass spectrometry typically depend on the type of mass spectrometer, the purity of the sample, and the amount of information needed, among other factors. When identifying peptide structures, commonly used mass spectrometry methods include Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS) and Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). If the goal is simply to preliminarily identify the molecular weight of peptides, a low amount of sample is required, usually in the microgram range. However, for amino acid sequence identification, it is best to provide samples in the nanogram range. For complex samples, such as biological samples, milligram levels of sample may be needed; here are some specific examples.
For high-purity peptide samples, using MALDI-TOF MS, about 1-10 picomoles of sample is required per experiment; for amino acid sequence analysis using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), usually about 1-100 picomoles of sample is needed; for protein identification or epigenetic analysis using LC-MS/MS, milligram levels of sample may be required.
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