Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Protein Modifications

Protein modification, also known as post-translational modifications (PTMs), refers to the process of adding chemical groups (such as phosphate, ubiquitin molecules, sugar groups, amide groups, or methyl groups) to amino acid residues related to proteins during or after protein translation. Common post-translational modifications include phosphorylation, glycosylation, acetylation, methylation, and ubiquitination. Post-translational modifications endow proteins with rich biological functions, participating in regulating various life activities, such as transcription regulation, cell growth and differentiation, protein transport, and intercellular signal transduction.

Mass spectrometry analysis of protein modifications involves using mass spectrometry technology to identify post-translationally modified proteins. Proteins that have undergone post-translational modifications have an increased molecular mass compared to unmodified proteins due to the addition of chemical groups. Mass spectrometry technology analyzes and identifies protein modifications based on this principle. It directly detects peptide ions to determine their molecular mass. If a peptide ion to be detected carries a modification group, its molecular mass will correspondingly increase by the relative molecular mass of the modification group. For peptides or proteins with known sequences and molecular masses, the type of modification group can be determined by calculating the difference in molecular mass, thus identifying post-translational modifications.

Biotech company Thermo uses its latest Obitrap Fusion Lumos mass spectrometer combined with Nano-LC nanoliter chromatography technology to providemass spectrometry analysis of protein modificationsservice packages, including post-translational modification analyses such as protein phosphorylation/glycosylation/ubiquitination/acetylation/methylation/disulfide bonds/nitrosylation. Biotech company Thermo can also provide customized detection solutions upon request. Free consultations are welcome.

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